Implicit Monte Carlo Methods for Three-Temperature Physics

The third method (ECIMC) treats the conduction explicitly and includes all of the conduction and coupling in the linearization of the transport equation. This is a good approximation when the conduction timescales are much longer than the radiation-transport timescales. We expect this to be the case for most problems because the conduction timescales are related to the electron thermal velocity whereas the radiation moves at the speed of light. The resulting system has three equations: a Monte Carlo transport equation and two decoupled energy equations for electrons and ions.